I previously mentioned Marvin Olasky’s interview of Tim Keller in World Magazine. Here’s one exchange:
WORLD: When logical arguments about the reason for suffering sound cold and irrelevant to real-life sufferers, what do you do?
KELLER: You shouldn’t say a darn thing. If you’re saying someone is right in the middle of it, then I think your job is to speak when spoken to. There is no decent thing to say other than your own presence, which mediates if you are a Christian.
The existential answer is that only Christianity believes that God has entered the suffering world. We don’t know what the reason is that God allowed evil and suffering to continue, but we do know what the reason isn’t: It’s not that He doesn’t love us, because if He didn’t love us He wouldn’t have gotten involved. Whatever the reason is it’s mysterious but it’s not indifference. The cross proves that.
That brought a question to my mind, which I record below along with Keller’s answer:
CHEDIAK: With regard to our not knowing why God allows evil and suffering to continue: Do we not have some clue in passages such as the Luke 13 account of the Tower of Siloam? It seems that God visits us with suffering as a “megaphone” (CS Lewis) to awaken repentance. “Unless you repent, you shall likewise perish.” And the persistence of evil, similarly, is due to God’s kindness and patience, intended to engender repentance (Rom. 2:4-5, II Pet 3:9). I suppose there is some mystery in the “Why me?” question, if we suddenly get cancer in our later 40s or something. But isn’t the question more like “Why not me?” Each new day is an experience of God’s mercy.
KELLER: There are two ways to understand the question of the mystery of suffering – the ‘why do we suffer?’ question. There is an abstract theological version of it and a practical pastoral version of it. By looking to Luke 13 etc you are trying to answer the abstract theological version–which is, “why do human beings suffer in general?” Your answer is a good Reformed one, which I first heard John Gerstner give many years ago. He said, the real mystery is not why we suffer so much but why we suffer so little–the real mystery is why God is so merciful to us. OK. That is perfectly true. In general, our suffering is less than we deserve and in general the human race suffers so we can have the self-sufficiency knocked out of us.
But that’s not the ‘mystery of suffering’ question for most people. They want to know why some people suffer so much more than others, why some relatively good people suffer horrendously and other relatively bad people get off the hook. Biblically, that is the more dominant question–see it in the book of Job, Habakkuk, and all through the Psalms. The real question is why there seems to be such huge unfairness in the distribution of evil and suffering.
I’ve noticed that young Reformed leaders prefer to look at the suffering issue from the abstract, theological point of view rather than the typical Biblical way or the way most people in suffering look at it. That’s OK but you should know the limits of how much it can help people. It is of no use responding to a young husband with two young children who just lost his wife, who says, “why me?”–with the answer, “why not you?” Of course, I know you wouldn’t do that (though I’m afraid I’ve seen it happen.) The strange distribution of evil and suffering is mysterious–God is all-wise and just and we know there is a reason for the distribution but we can’t see it from where we stand. We have to trust him. Saying, ‘we all deserve even more suffering’ is true but not particularly helpful on the distribution issue.
So when in an interview I’m asked about the mystery of suffering, I usually answer the pastoral question, since that is where most inquirers are, or, as in my book Reason for God I separate the two questions and answer each.
A most helpful distinction. See also John Piper’s post today on the very same issue.